TNF alpha Monoclonal Antibody (MAb11), APC, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: The MAb11 antibody reacts with human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a 17 kDa cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells and CD4+ T cells. TN alpha has cytolytic activity against a range of tumor cells and is important in immune regulation. TNF alpha forms dimers and trimers and also exists as a 26 kDa membrane bound form. The MAb11 antibody is a neutralizing antibody. Applications Reported: MAb11 has been reported for use in intracellular flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This MAb11 antibody has been tested by intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis of stimulated human peripheral blood cells using the Intracellular Fixation & Permeabilization Buffer Set (cat. 88-8824) and protocol. Please refer to Best Protocols: Protocol A: Two step protocol for (cytoplasmic) intracellular proteins located under the Resources Tab online. MAb11 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis of stimulated human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at test size: 5 μL (0.125 μg) per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. Excitation: 633-647 nm; Emission: 660 nm; Laser: Red Laser. Filtration: 0.2 μm post-manufacturing filtered.

TNF alpha is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophage and bind to its receptors, TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. TNF alpha is involved in the regulation of immune cells, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five noncovalently linked units, but shows a single 17 kDa band following SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of TNF alpha, and has been observed to causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor-bearing mice. Other functions of TNF-alpha include its role in the immune response to bacterial, viral, parasitic and certain fungal infections, as well as its role in the necrosis of specific tumors. TNF alpha causes cytolysis or cytostasis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon-gamma in its cytotoxicity. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer.